Subject area T
Temperature control: Temperature is a critical factor for brood and must be kept between 32 and 36 degrees Celsius at all times. The bees do this either by fanning the wings for cooling or by converting honey into heat. In addition, larvae and pupae also produce heat as they develop.
Waist wasps: Bees are a group of waist wasps. Insects with a two-part constriction of the body are referred to as such. These incisions clearly subdivide the body into head, thorax and abdomen. This typical wasp waist makes the bee's body extremely flexible and mobile.
Tannenhonig: Der Tannenhonig gehört wie alle Waldhonige zu den Honigen, die aus Honigtau hergestellt werden. Der Honig unterscheidet sich daher nicht nur in der Konsistenz, sondern auch im Geschmack von Blütenhonigen. Er ist kräftig und herb und von einer ausgesprochen dunklen Farbe. Ein besonders seltener Tannenhonig ist der Weißtannenhonig.
Gap feeding: In operations with limited breeding space or if the honey harvest is too strong, the bees must get their own honey back if necessary.
Tanzsprache: Die Kommunikation der Bienen läuft über Pheromone, Duftstoffe, und die Tanzsprache. Rundtanz, Schwänzeltanz und Zittertanz übermitteln unterschiedliche Informationen. So werden neue Trachtquellen kommuniziert, aber auch detailliert Lage, Entfernung, Quantität und Qualität beschrieben. Die Schwarmbienen teilen den anderen in Tanz Form mit, wo sich eine Möglichkeit für eine neue Behausung findet. Für Außenstehende wirkt der Tanz oft unstrukturiert. In Wirklichkeit handelt es sich bei der Tanzsprache jedoch um ein höchst komplexes, elaboriertes Kommunikationssystem.
Tergite: The back plate of the bees' abdomen is called tergite. It is connected to the abdominal plate by elastic skins.
Tergite pocket glands: The tergite pocket glands of the queen bee sit between the scales of the back, the tergites. They secrete a very special secretion, the queen scent, which attracts the drones. Together with the queen substance, the queen scent is an indicator that the bee colony has a living queen.
Thixotropy: Some viscous masses suddenly become liquid when stirred. The so-called shear forces, which suddenly change the structure of a mass, are responsible. Gels or viscous masses in which this effect occurs are subject to the laws of thixotropy. The heather honey is an example of this. It has to be dipped in the honeycomb so that it liquefies.
Thorax: the honeybee's chest is where the muscular system is located. Most of the muscles are needed for flying, the rest for the respiratory system. In the thorax, however, arteries and intestines as well as innumerable nerve cords are located. The breast forms the center of the bee's body, so to speak.
Top-Bar-Hive: Dieser Bienenkasten ist relativ neu und wurde in dieser Form für die Entwicklungshilfe in Afrika entwickelt. Das zugrunde liegende System ist viel älter und geht auf den traditionellen Makedonischen Bienenkorb (Nordgriechenland) zurück. Die Wabenanordung und die Art der Aufstellung sind den ursprünglichen afrikanischen, liegenden Röhrenbeuten ähnlich. Die Vorteile liegen in der relativ einfachen Herstellung. Es gibt nur ein genau einzuhaltendes Maß, das die Breite der Oberträger beschreibt und den Abstand von Wabenmitte zu Wabenmitte parallel gebauter Waben angibt. Oberträger sind die oben lose aufgelegten Leisten. An einer mittigen Orientierung (Wachsstreifen oder Kante) ziehen die Bienen ihre Waben nach unten aus. Die Waben können mit dem Oberträgern frei angehoben, bewegt und entnommen werden.
Trachea: The bee's respiratory system works via trachea, a dense network of tubes through which the body is supplied with oxygen. Air is exchanged through the breathing openings.
Tracheal mite: Unfortunately, the bees' respiratory opening is also used as an entrance by parasites. There is a certain mite, the tracheal mite, that settles there. It leaves its saliva in the trachea. The result: blood poisoning in the bee. The mite's saliva is poisonous. The beekeeper recognizes the disease by the fact that the bees are becoming increasingly weaker and can no longer fly.
Costume: (the) synonym for bee pasture - pollen, nectar and honeydew are referred to as costume. A rich costume also means a great harvest of honey. Large areas of flowering plants are therefore also referred to as mass costume, small, sparse ones as lappers. When it comes to honey production, one speaks of early, summer and / or late forage, differentiating between the time of harvest.
Foraging bees: Foraging bees are also known as foraging bees. These are experienced bees who are responsible for supplying the beehive with food.
Forage flight: Bees among the foragers that have found a new forage inform the others. This happens through their dance and the release of certain fragrances. In this way, the other forage bees can use this information for orientation on the first flight to the new forage, the forage flight. The scent is then stored in the bee's scent memory and can be retrieved at any time. The bees will therefore always find a costume that they have visited once.
Carrier strips: These are 12 wooden strips to which wax strips are attached. They serve as so-called "building specifications" and ensure that the natural honeycomb can be easily removed later if necessary.
Trachtpflanze: Klee und Raps sind die häufigsten Trachtpflanzen. Zu den Trachtpflanzen gehören aber generell auch alle Pflanzen, die von den Bienen zum Sammeln von Pollen, Nektar und Honigtau besucht werden.
Dextrose: The largest proportion of honey consists of sugar, namely fructose (fruit sugar) and glucose (grape sugar). Blossom honey contains the highest amount of glucose. They therefore crystallize out early on. If the glucose content in honey is around a third, crystallization occurs. The honey will be creamy and firm. Honeydew honeys like the forest honeys hardly contain any glucose. They are therefore almost always liquid.
Trehalose: is a sugar with two glucose molecules. It is similar to the glucose in our blood, the blood sugar. Trehalose is also found in the hemolymph of bees.
Trisaccharides: or triple sugars are made up of different simple sugars. But triple sugars hardly ever occur in nature. Only in honeydew can three different trisaccharides be detected. They probably come from the aphids or from bacteria.
Separation point: wooden board limited to approx. 2/3 of the interior of the beehive. Later, when the bees have expanded the brood chamber with honeycombs and everything is in bloom ("foraging time"), the separating separator is removed.
Trophallaxis: The social feed exchange (see also “social feed exchange”) or trophallaxis is more than the exchange of food between one another. When handing over pollen and nectar, the bees also transmit information about the quality, smell and taste of the forage. At the same time, the trophallaxis distributes the queen substance, the pheromone, which signals responsibility for the beehive.
Bags: The bag (see also "croaking") describes a sound that the queens make. Shortly before the new queen hatches, the old queen begins to communicate with the young one. It compresses air and flaps its wings, creating a light tone, the bags. The other queen answers. The distortion of the sound in the hive creates what beekeepers call croaking. This is the signal for the old queen to leave the hive with her crush.